CON - Computer Organization and Networking Overview
Computer Organization and Networking
Introduction
In this module you will:
- Explore inside/outside of a computer
- Learn functional components of computer
- Explain how computers work
- Explain the difference between hardware and software.
Module Lessons Preview
In this module, we will study the following topics:
Computer Basics
You will learn what a computer is and the functional components that make up a computer.
Hardware and Software
Learn about hardware and software of a computer. You will also be able to distinguish between hardware and software.
Network Basics
Develop a basic vocabulary of networks. The vocabulary will be discussed in later modules.
Computer Processing Programming Commands
Learn the core concepts of how computers process programming commands.
Key Terms
Computer- a device that uses information or data, and carries out instructions. It takes input from input devices, runs code, and produces output through output devices.
Input- Converts physical input to binary information.
Output- Converts information to physical output.
CPU- Central processing unit that calculates information.
Memory- Stores information.
Storage- a process through which digital data is saved within a data storage device by means of computing technology.
RAM- memory is temporarily stored; Also known as random access memory.
Computer Network- a group of computers connected with each other so that various devices can interact with each other through a network.
Internet- global network of computers that use protocols and data packets to exchange information.
Bandwidth- The amount of data that can be transmitted within a fixed time period.
WiFi-a wireless networking technology that allows computers and other devices to communicate over a wireless signal.
Packets-a basic unit of communication over a digital network.
Broadband- a high-speed electronic network that carries more than one type of communication (as Internet and cable television signals).
Firewall- Device or software that blocks unwanted Internet traffic while allowing legitimate traffic.
Hacking-the activities practiced by individuals, organizations, and nations, in order to gain unauthorized access to computer and technology dependent systems.
Cybersecurity-protecting networks, devices, and data from unauthorized access or criminal use and the practice of ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information.
Encryption- the process of hiding readable information in a format that can't be read.
Local Area Network (LAN)- a group of computers connected to each other in a small area such as a building, office.
Wide Area Network (WAN)- a network that extends over a large geographical area such as states or countries.
OSI Model-a layered abstract description for communications and computer network protocol design.
Binary Language- zeros and ones; code arranged in ways that the computer can read, understand, act upon.
Sequence of Commands- The right commands in the right order.
Conditional Structures-Do certain things based on a true or false, yes or no decision.
Looping Structures- List of instructions to do more than once.
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