LR - The Future Tense Verbs (Lesson)
The Future Tense Verbs
The future tense conjugations are fairly simple to memorize and are the same for all "-er, -ir," and "-ar" verbs. Pay close attention to the irregular stems in the presentation as there are several; you will see them again on your graded assessments. Make sure your speakers are turned up!
Please watch the following video.
Just as there is a tense to talk about the present and tenses to talk about the past, there is a special tense to refer to future events. Below is everything you need to know to conjugate and use the future tense.
Alternatives to the Future Tense
Before we discuss the future tense, let's look at a couple of ways to talk about the future without the hassle of learning new conjugations.
You can use the construction ir + a + infinitive to refer to the future. Just conjugate ir in the present tense and add an "a" and then an infinitive:
We do pretty much the same thing in English. For example:
Voy a trabajar mañana. |
Nosotros vamos a llamarte luego. |
Él va a enojarse. |
The Present Tense
Yes, you read that right. You can actually use the present tense to talk about future events, especially if they're going to happen soon. (And again, we do this in English too.)
Trabajo este sábado. |
Comemos juntos mañana. |
Ellos se van la próxima semana. |
OK, but what if you want to speak explicitly about the future without resorting to these tricks? Use the future tense.
Regular Future Tense Verbs
"Que será, será. Whatever will be, will be. The future's not ours to see..."
The future tense is unlike other conjugations in that instead of removing the "-ar," "-er," or "-ir" ending, we're going to use the entire infinitive as our stem. Another difference is that for the first time it doesn't matter what kind of verb you have. Every verb, "-ar," "-er," or "-ir," has the following endings, no exceptions:
Here are some examples:
And some more examples in context:
Trabajaré este sábado. |
Resolveremos el problema mañana. |
Ellos conducirán a Chicago la próxima semana. |
Notice that the English translations include the word "will" (or a contraction thereof). Also, take some time to think about the pronunciation. Novices commonly ignore the accent marks and stress the second-to-last syllable. But all of those accent marks on the endings are there for a reason. They indicate that you should be stressing the last syllable (except for the nosotros form). Make sure you do so.
Irregular Future Tense Verbs
The verb haber is also irregular in the future. It becomes habrá which means "there will be." The verb satisfacer (to satisfy) follows the pattern of hacer: satisfaré, satisfarás, etc.
You knew it was coming. There are about a dozen irregular future tense verbs you should know. These verbs don't use the full infinitive but rather have shortened stems (to which we attach the regular endings).
caber (to fit) → cabr- decir (to say, to tell) → dir- hacer (to make, to do) → har- poder (to be able to) → podr- poner (to put) → pondr- querer (to want) → querr- saber (to know) → sabr- salir (to leave, to go out) → saldr- tener (to have) → tendr- valer (to be worth) → valdr- venir (to come) → vendr- |
As you can see, in many cases we're shortening the stems by ditching a vowel. But in other cases, we're actually gaining (strange) letters. Also notice that in the case of querer we're getting an extra "r" which means you'll have to roll your tongue. Some examples:
Juan Carlos no hará su tarea esta noche. |
Yo te diré el chiste después del anuncio. |
Note: The verb bendecir (to bless) does not follow the pattern of decir: bendeciré, bendecirás, bendecirá, etc. Most verbs based on one of these irregular verbs will have a similar irregular conjugation. Take detener and proponer for example:
La policía detendrá al ladrón. |
Los senadores propondrán cambios a la enmienda. |
Using the Future Tense
When should you use the future tense? If you want to talk about the future, obviously. But there are other applications as well.
The future tense can be used to express conjecture or speculation about the present:
Ella estudiará ahora. |
¿Dónde estarán mis libros? |
The future tense can also be used to give commands. In this sense the "will" is more of a "shall":
No matarás. No cometerás adulterio. No robarás. |
Things to Look Out For
Consider this sentence:
Will you go to the post office for me?
You may be tempted to use the future tense here since it's clearly referring to the future and even includes the word "will." But the problem here is that this question isn't asking about any specific future plan, but rather a willingness to run an errand. Because of that, you're better off using querer (in the present tense) when you translate:
¿Quieres ir al correo por mí? |
Review Activities
Práctica: El Futuro: Cambie el verbo al futuro.
Ejemplo: I went to bed late last night but I will go to bed early tonight.
Me acosté tarde anoche pero me acostaré temprano esta noche.
Your turn. Please complete the activity below.
Test your knowledge with the following activity.
RESOURCES IN THIS MODULE ARE OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) OR CREATED BY GAVS UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED. SOME IMAGES USED UNDER SUBSCRIPTION.