Sol - Solutions (Module Overview)

Solutions

Introduction

In this module, we will explore solutions. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures containing components that are uniformly distributed throughout. In completing this module, you will explore the properties of solutions, how to describe them and how to measure their concentration.

Having a periodic table handy is always helpful in chemistry. You may always use a periodic table on assignments, quizzes, and tests in this course.

Download the periodic table. Links to an external site.

Module Lessons Preview

In this module, we will study the following topics:

What is a Solution?

Solubility

Solution Concentration 

Colligative Properties

Key Terms

homogeneous - Uniform in structure or composition throughout.

solution - A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases, or a combination of these.

mixture - A composition of two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and are capable of being separated.

solute - A substance dissolved in another substance, usually the component of a solution present in the lesser amount.

solvent - A substance in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution.

electrolytes - A chemical compound that ionizes when dissolved or molten to produce an electrically conductive medium.

nonelectrolytes - A substance whose molecules in solution do not dissociate to ions and thus do not conduct an electric current.

concentrated - Having a high concentration of the solute.

dilute - Describing a solution that has a relatively low concentration of solute.

solubility - The amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent.

aqueous - Dissolved in water.

saturated - Combined with or containing all the solute that can normally be dissolved at a given temperature.

supersaturated - To cause (a chemical solution) to be more highly concentrated than is normally possible under given conditions of temperature and pressure.

molarity - The molar concentration of a solution, usually expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

molality - The molal concentration of a solute, usually expressed as the number of moles of solute per kilograms of solvent.

colligative property - Properties dependent on the number of molecules but not their nature.

Tyndall effect - the scattering of light by particles in a colloid.

alloy - a metal solution created by melting two or more metals together

vapor pressure - the equilibrium pressure of a vapor above its liquid or solid state. It is directly proportional to temperature.

Henry's law - the mass of dissolved gas in a liquid is directly proportional to its partial pressure

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