Cardiopulmonary System: Review
Cardiopulmonary System: Transportation Review
The cardiopulmonary system is made of two separate organ systems: cardiovascular (circulatory) and respiratory. Both systems function to transport oxygen and other needed nutrients through the body and to remove wastes and carbon dioxide from tissue and expel them from the body.
- The cardiovascular system consists of blood, the heart, and blood vessels. Blood is the body's internal transport medium. Blood is made of four major components: plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes. Plasma is blood's liquid medium. Erythrocytes, red blood cells, carry oxygen to tissue throughout the body using the hemoglobin protein. RBCs have antigens that make them specific for each person's body. Be sure to go back and review the Blood Groups learning object. Leukocytes, white blood cells, have immune functions within the body. Thrombocytes, platelets, function to clot blood when the body is injured.
- The heart is a hollow, muscular organ that works like a machine to pump blood throughout the body. The heart has four chambers that are divided by valves that prevent a backflow of blood. The right and left halves of the heart are separated by the septum. The right side of your heart pumps blood from your heart to your lungs through the pulmonary artery. The left side of your heart to other parts of your body through the aorta. The beating of the heart is controlled by the cardiac conduction system. Blood vessels, along with the heart, make up the blood circulatory system. This system can be divided into several smaller subsystems: arterial circulation, venous circulation, and capillary circulation.
- The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system and is a vital part of the immune system. The lymphatic system is composed of a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph. As lymph passes through the lymphatic vessels, pathogens are filtered out at small structures called lymph nodes. The filtered pathogens are destroyed by lymphocytes. Lymph organs include bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and tonsils.
- The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The respiratory consists of all of the organs and tissues that help you breathe that include airways, lungs, and linked blood vessels, and muscles used for breathing. The lungs are the primary organ of the respiratory system and link it to the circulatory system. Within the lungs, the bronchi branch into thousands of smaller, thinner tubes called bronchioles that end in bunches of tiny sacs called alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of the bloodstream.
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