RGD - Module Overview

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The Reproductive System

The reproductive system

The reproductive system holds the lock and key to human life. Think back.... what are your first memories? No one remembers where, when, or how our birth occurred. One of our first memories likely includes identifying sex classification, male or female. But life begins far beyond the first memories.  This module will examine the structures and functions of the Reproductive System, the beginnings of each human life, and how humans progress from conception to death.

Essential Questions

  • How is the reproductive system regulated by hormonal interactions?
  • How would you categorize the stages of human embryologic development?
  • What characteristics describe the stages of development?
  • What are the structure and function of the male/female reproductive system organs?
  • What is the structure and function of gametes?
  • How does the reproductive system change as the body ages?

Key Words

  1. Bartholin's glands - either of two oval glands lying one to each side of the lower part of the vagina and secreting a lubricating mucus
  2. Congenital - acquired during development in the uterus and not through heredity
  3. Development - the act or process of growing or causing something to grow or become larger or more advanced
  4. Endometrium - the mucous membrane lining the uterus
  5. Epididymis - a highly convoluted duct behind the testis, along which sperm passes to the vas deferens.
  6. Fallopian Tubes - either of a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.
  7. Gamete - sex cells either an egg cell or sperm cell.
  8. Gestation - the carrying of young in the uterus from conception to delivery
  9. Ovary - one of the typically paired essential female reproductive organs that produce eggs and in vertebrates' female sex hormones
  10. Ovum - a mature female reproductive cell, especially of a human or other animal, that can divide to give rise to an embryo usually only after fertilization by a male cell
  11. Penis - the male organ that functions as the channel by which urine and semen leave the body
  12. Perineum - the area between the anus and the posterior part of the external genitalia especially in the female
  13. Prostate gland - a firm partly muscular partly glandular body that is situated about the base of the male urethra and secretes a viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid
  14. Scrotum - the external sac that in most mammals contains the testes
  15. Seminal vesicles - either of a pair of glandular pouches that lie one on either side of the male reproductive tract and that in human males secrete a sugar- and protein-containing fluid into the ejaculatory duct
  16. Spermatozoa - the mature motile male sex cells of an animal, by which the ovum is fertilized, typically having a compact head and one or more long flagella for swimming.
  17. Testes - an organ that produces spermatozoa (male reproductive cells)
  18. Urethra - the canal that in most mammals carries off the urine from the bladder and in the male serves also as a passageway for semen
  19. Uterus - an organ in female mammals for containing and usually for nourishing the young during development prior to birth
  20. Vagina - the muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus in women and most female mammals
  21. Vas deferens - a small but thick-walled tube about two feet (0.6 meter) long that receives sperm and fluid from the epididymis
  22. Vulva - the external opening of the vagina or reproductive tract in a female mammal

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