ESC - Introduction to the Endocrine System Lesson

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Introduction to the Endocrine System

The endocrine system, along with the nervous system, functions in the regulation of body activities. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis by releasing chemicals called hormones. This system controls growth, development, reproduction, and metabolism.

endrocrine system

Neuroendocrine System

The endocrine and nervous systems are so closely linked that they are often are considered a single system, the neuroendocrine system.   Both of these systems function to elicit a response within the body, but they do have their differences.   Review their differences in the table below:

Nervous System (Nerve Impulses) Endocrine System (Hormones)
Signaling Mechanism Electrochemical Chemical
Method of Transport Neurons Bloodstream
Response Time Fast (ms) Slow (min./hrs./wks.)
Duration of Effects Short (s) Long (min./hrs.)

The endocrine system is made up of endocrine glands, which produce and secrete chemicals called hormones. These hormones function as the body's chemical messengers and control bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Although the endocrine glands are scattered throughout the body, they are still considered to be one system because they have similar functions, similar mechanisms of influence, and many important interrelationships.  

The endocrine system works with the nervous system to:

  • Maintain the body's internal "steady state"--homeostasis (nutrition, metabolism, excretion, water, and salt balances).
  • React to stimuli from outside the body
  • Regulate growth, development, and reproduction
  • Produce, use, and store energy

Use the video below to help you complete the "The Endocrine System" video worksheet that can be downloaded here Links to an external site.. This video will preview the contents of this module.

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