URB - Urban Models Lesson

Urban Models

United States Urban Models Activity

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International Urban Models

  • Latin American City Model
    • Model designed by Larry Ford / Ernst Griffin - example of a (planned) colonial city
    • The CBD is the center, and includes a plaza (areas surrounding the plaza are centers of government, religion and commerce)
      • LA CBDs are still the center for business, unlike US cities with a series of suburban CBDs
    • The spine is a boulevard (sometimes more than one) – an area that used to house the elite landowners, and is now filled with wealth in the form of office towers and high-cost high-rise housing (commercial spine)
    • The zone of elite residences straddles the spine (in the US rich move to the urban periphery – but not in Europe or LA cities)
    • The zone of maturity is around the CBD and includes high to middle class housing
    • In situ accretion was the areas outside of original city walls were people lived using local materials to build – today it houses middle to lower class families
    • The peripheral squatter settlements are on the outskirts of the city and house the urban poor – there are not enough dwellings within the city for these people (known as periferico / favelas / colonias)
  • Southeastern Asian City Model
    • Developed by T. G. McGee
    • No formal central business district (CBD), but the components of the CBD are clustered around the port zone
    • Port is the focus of the city and is often still focused on exporting goods
    • Around the port there is a western commercial zone (western powers) and an alien commercial zone (dominated by Chinese merchants)
    • There are hybrid sectors and zones growing rapidly outside the port
    • Mixed land-use zone that has miscellaneous activities including light industry
    • Government zone near the center of the model
    • Housing as you move away from the port – with upper-class housing in one sector
    • New industrial parks on the outskirts of the city
  • Sub-Saharan African City Model
    • Created by Harm De Blij
    • Due to the diversity of its cities, it is complicated to develop an African City Model
    • There are typically three CBDs
    • The first one is a remnant of the colonial CBD with vertical development
    • The second is a traditional CBD, this business center is usually a zone of single-story buildings with a touch of traditional architecture
    • The last is a market zone, which is usually open-air, informal (economically)
    • Surrounding the CBDs are ethnic neighborhoods
    • Around the ethnic neighborhoods is industry focused on mining and manufacturing
    • The outermost part of many African cities are poor squatter settlements

Urbanization by the Numbers

  • There are over 500 cities with populations over 1 million
  • Since 2008 50% of the world's population have lived in cities
  • The majority of growth is occurring in Africa and Asia
  • Seven of the fasting growing cities (based on population) are in emerging and developing countries.
  • Top 10 Cities (by population):
    • Tokyo
    • Jakarta (Indonesia)
    • Delhi (India)
    • Seoul (South Korea)
    • Manila (Philippines)
    • Mumbai (India)
    • Karachi (Pakistan)
    • Shanghai (China)
    • New York (US)
    • Sao Paolo (Brazil)

Model Matching

Select the correct model based on the information provided.

 

 

IMAGES CREATED BY GAVS