ふくしゅう (Review) - Particles, Adverbs and Pronouns

Now that we have reviewed some basic vocabulary, let's start reviewing usage. Some words have their favorite particles to work with, and it’s best to review them in sentences. Additionally, we will look deeper into adverbs of frequency. Finally, we will review indefinite pronouns.

Remember, you will check your prior learning as follows:

Diagnose
Relearn
Develop ownership

Let’s start by checking what you already know. You will need a notebook and a pen/pencil.

Review Exercise 1: Particles

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate particle to match the English sentence. Use the Word Bank to help fill in the blanks.

After practicing, listen to the audio, repeat it aloud to model and reproduce it.（聞(き)いて、言(い)いましょう。) Next, listen to the audio without looking at the words to understand what they are. This is a listening skill accelerating strategy.

Word Bank: は、まで、が、か、ね、も、から、に、を、で

Adverbs of Frequency Review

Adverbs play important roles by modifying adjectives and verbs. In this section, we will review adverbs of frequency. In English, the most common adverbs of frequency are: ‘always, often, sometimes, seldom, and never.’ Let's look at these same adverbs in Japanese:

いつも：always
よく：often
ときどき：sometimes
あんまり：not often (so-so, seldom)
ぜんぜん：never (not --- at all, none)

Three golf clubs stick out from a golf bag in front of a blurred green background. Now, let's practice by seeing these adverbs in context. Below are sentences about Johnny, Sam, Nancy, Beth, and Bill. In your notebook, arrange their names by frequency, from "always" to "never."

ジョニー君((くん))はぜんぜんゴルフをしません。サム君((くん))はときどきゴルフをします。

ナンシーさんはよくゴルフをします。ビル君((くん))はいつもゴルフをします。

ベスさんはあんまりゴルフをしません。

The answer is below, so that you can check your comprehension.

However, try to do it on your own first!

Answer Key:

Bill (いつも - always)
Nancy (よく - often)
Sam (ときどき - sometimes)
Beth (あんまり - seldom/not often)
Johnny (ぜんぜん---ません - not at all/never)

Final Thoughts: Particles and Adverbs

How well did you remember these important words? Particles and adverbs may seem like minor details, but they can make a great deal of difference in the meaning of a sentence. Highlight any concepts you habitually forget. Redo and review the exercises until you are comfortable with these concepts.

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