PPA - Campaigns and Elections Lesson
Campaigns and Elections
The expansion of political participation was impacted by the following amendments:
- Fifteenth : African-American males can vote
- Seventeenth : Direct election of senators
- Nineteenth : Women's right to vote
- Twenty-Fourth : Eliminated poll taxes
- Twenty-Sixth : 18 year olds can vote
Political model explaining voting behavior:
- Rational- Choice voting| Theory that states individuals will make logical decisions when voting.
- Retrospective Voting| Theory that states individuals are more concerned with policy outcomes when voting.
- Prospective Voting| Theory that states individuals will vote for a candidate who will be best for the country in the next few years.
- Party-line voting| To vote in a way that best supports the opinion of your political party.
Factors influencing voter choice include:
- Party identification and ideological orientation
- Candidate characteristics
- Contemporary political issues
- Religious beliefs or affiliation, gender, race and ethnicity, and other demographic
- characteristics
- Mobilization and education of voters
- Party platforms
- Candidate recruitment
- Campaign management, including fundraising and media strategy
- The committee and party leadership systems in legislatures
The functions and impact of political parties on the electorate and government are represented by:
The structure of parties has been influenced by:
- Critical elections and regional realignments
- Campaign finance law
- Changes in communication and data-management technology
Interest group Influence may impacted by:
- Inequality of political and economic resources
- Unequal access to decision makers
- "Free rider" problem
The process and outcomes in U.S. presidential elections are impacted by:
- Incumbency advantage phenomenon
- Open and closed primaries
- Caucuses
- Party conventions
- Congressional and State elections
- The Electoral College
The benefits and drawbacks of modern campaigns are represented by:
- Dependence on professional consultants
- Rising campaign costs and intensive fundraising efforts
- Duration of election cycles
- Impact of and reliance on social media for campaign communication and fundraising
IMAGES CREATED BY GAVS