STC_Stoichiometry Module Overview

Stoichiometry Module Overview

Introduction

image of StoichiometryIn this module you will apply your new knowledge of the elements to name and write chemical formulas, write and balance chemical equations, and perform mathematical calculations about the relationships between those chemicals using a fundamental unit in chemistry, the mole.  

Module Lessons Preview

  • How do you write the chemical formula of a compound when given the name or the name when given the formula?
  • How are chemical equations balanced?
  • What is Avogadro's number?
  • How do I convert grams of a substance to moles?
  • How are balanced chemical equations used to convert moles of one substance to moles of another substance?
  • How do I calculate the percent composition of a compound?
  • How is the empirical formula of a compound calculated?
  • What is gravimetric analysis?
  • What is a limiting reactant?    
  • How is the limiting reactant determined?
  • What is percent yield and how is it determined?

Key Terms

  1. Molecular Mass - the mass of one mole of a molecule
  2. Actual Yield - the amount of a product measured through a lab activity
  3. Theoretical Yield - the amount of a product that is calculated using stoichiometry
  4. Solution - a homogenous mixture in which all particles are of the size of atoms, small molecules, or small ions
  5. Molecular Compound - a compound composed of molecules
  6. Percent Composition - the composition of a compound determined by dividing the mass contribution of one element by the total molar mass of the compound
  7. Polyatomic Ion - the ion composed of 2 or more atoms
  8. Avogadro's Law - 6.02 x 1023
  9. Empirical Formula - the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound
  10. Chemical Properties - how substances change into other substances in chemical reactions
  11. Chemical Formula - chemical symbols and subscripts used to represent atoms present in a compound or element
  12. Solvent - a substance, usually a liquid, into which something is dissolved to make a solution
  13. Molecular Formula - the actual number of atoms in a compound expressed as a chemical formula
  14. Molarity - a measure of concentration, moles of solute per liter of solution
  15. Limiting Reactant - the reactant that determines
  16. Nomenclature - the names and rules for devising the names of substances
  17. Chemical Equation - a depiction of what occurs during a chemical reaction that uses formulas
  18. Solute - a substance dissolved in a solvent to make a solution
  19. Atomic Mass - the mass of one mole of a monoatomic element
  20. Percentage Yield - the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage
  21. Anion  - a negatively charged ion
  22. Cation - a positively charged ion
  23. Stock System - a system of nomenclature that uses Roman numerals to indicate oxidation states of transition metals
  24. Extensive Property - dependent on sample size
  25. Molar Mass - the general term used that includes the gram atomic mass, gram molecular mass, and gram formula mass.  It is equal to the sum of all the masses in a chemical formula
  26. Formula Mass - the mass of one mole of an ionic compound
  27. Molecule - a compound formed from covalent bonds
  28. Diatomic Molecule - molecule composed of two atoms
  29. Ionic Compound - a compound consisting of positive and negative ions
  30. Binary Compound - a compound composed of only 2 different elements
  31. Reactants - substances present before a chemical reaction takes place
  32. Coefficient - numbers that occur in front of a compound to tell us how many molecules of that compound are present
  33. Subscript - a number that identifies how many atoms of a particular compound are present
  34. Ion - an electrically charged particle
  35. Products - a term used to describe the size of an ion
  36. Mole - the SI base unit for quantity or amount of a substance.  It is equal the number of atoms that are present in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12, which is 6.0221417930x1023.  It is abbreviated mol.
  37. Formula Unit - a particle that has the composition given by a chemical formula
  38. Concentration  - the ratio of the quantity of solute to the quantity of solution
  39. Law of Definite Proportions - in a given chemical compound, the elements are always combined in the same proportion by mass
  40. Ion - an electrically charged particle

eTextbook Reminder

As you read these content pages, also read the corresponding content in your etextbook. Work the example problems in the text as you read to make sure that you understand. The etextbook sections will be listed with the corresponding content pages on your schedule.  

Stoichiometry Practice Problems

Before you begin, print the module practice problems found below.  You should complete a section of problems after covering that particular portion of the content. 

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