(TBBS) The Urinary and Reproductive Systems Lesson Nine

The Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Structure and Function

The kidneys and bladder are the primary organs of the Urinary system. The kidneys are located behind the abdominal cavity, just below the chest on each side. The bladder is found in the lower half of the abdominal cavity.

Female Reproductive Structures

The female reproductive system consists of structures that produce female gametes called eggs and secrete the female sex hormone estrogen. The female reproductive system has several other functions as well:

• It receives sperm during sexual intercourse.
• It supports the development of a fetus.
• It delivers a baby during birth.
• It breast-feeds a baby after birth.

The main structures of the female reproductive system include the vagina, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. Most of the structures are inside the pelvic region of the body.

External Structures

The external female reproductive structures are referred to collectively as the vulva . They include the labia (singular, labium ). The labia protect the vagina and urethra, both of which have openings in the vulva.

Male Reproductive Structures

• The male reproductive system consists of structures that produce sperm and secrete testosterone.
• Male reproductive structures include the penis, testes, and epididymis.

Conditions that Require Emergency Care

Blows to the pelvic area, including the external reproductive organs, called genitalia, are the most common types of injury. However, injuries may also be caused by sexual assault or rape.

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