IND - Industrialization and its Effects Module Overview

Industrialization and its Effects

Introduction

Painting - Rain, Speed, and Steam by Joseph William Turner.After centuries of somewhat stagnant growth, the 1800s ushered in a time of radical change that began to affect all aspects of one's life. England's many advantages, including a large labor force, stable government, and wealth of natural resources, made it the first nation to industrialize. New machinery revolutionized the textile industry and soon inventions made life, work and travel better for most. Working conditions changed as laborers moved from the outdoor relative freedom of the farm to closed in, highly monitored positions within a factory. Living conditions deteriorated with increased urbanization until reform movements led to more sanitary conditions and adjustments to workers' pay and hours. The second Industrial Revolution in the latter half of the century created a consumer culture that not only impacted spending habits but the very face of the cities and European society as a whole. However, the Industrial Revolution changed not only the economic conditions in Europe but the political and social landscape as well. The problems which arose from the rapid migration of people from the rural areas to the cities allowed for the rise of political ideologies such as socialism, the increased involvement of government, and the power of the labor union.

 

About the image above: Rain, Speed, and Steam by Joseph William Turner.
Turner's paintings focus on conveying an emotional response as well as demonstrating movement more than exact detail. You can make out the train speeding toward you in the midst of a rain storm.

 

Module Lessons Preview

In this module, we will study the following topics:

  • The Spread of Industry Throughout Europe -  How industrialization spread from Great Britain to the continent.
  • Second Wave Industrialization and its Effects -  More specialized industrialization and the effects.
  • Social Effects of Industrialization -  What life was like for the people living through the Industrial Age.
  • The Concert of Europe and European Conservatism with Reactions and Revolutions - The attempts by Metternich and the Conservatives to maintain control in Europe.
  • Ideologies of Change and Reform Movements -  The ideas of Marx, Engels, Anarchists as well as the progression of socialism.
  • 19th-Century Social Reform, Institutional Responses and Reform -  Political movements, Feminism and Reform.

 

Essential Questions

  • Explain the context in which industrialization originated, developed, and spread in Europe.
  • Explain the factors that influenced the development of industrialization in Europe from 1815 to 1914.
  • Explain how innovations and advances in technology during the Industrial Revolution led to economic and social change.
  • Explain how industrialization influenced economic and political development throughout the period from 1815 to 1914.
  • Explain the causes and consequences of social developments resulting from industrialization.
  • Explain how the European political order was maintained and challenged from 1815 to 1914.
  • Explain how and why various groups reacted against the existing order from 1815 to 1914.
  • Explain how and why different intellectual developments challenged the political and social order from 1815 to 1914.
  • Explain the various movements and calls for social reform that resulted from intellectual developments from 1815 to 1914.
  • Explain how and why governments and other institutions responded to challenges resulting from industrialization.
  • Explain the influence of innovations and technological developments in Europe from 1815 to 1914.

 

 

Textbook Assignment and Unit Review Form

As you work through this module, be certain to read the Industrial Revolution chapter in your textbook. As you are reading, you may wish to jot down notes in the unit review form. Please pay close attention to the urbanization trend and its consequences. Social history is a major component of this period on the national exam. This is for your notes, not to submit.

Download a copy of the unit review form here. Links to an external site.

 

Question Mark IconYou will also notice questions at the end of some lessons. They will be marked with a question icon like the one to the left. Like in early modules, these questions remain ungraded. But you will notice that they are starting to morph into asking you to go deeper in your analysis. Future modules will test you on these questions so begin to practice now by answering by using the textbook and other resources to answer any questions you encounter.

 

Key Terms and People

There are several people and items you need to look over for this module. Be sure to download the ID list (linked below) - EVEN if you do not plan on defining them for your notes. This is for your notes, not to submit. You need to look over the list of terms to see what you will need to pay particular attention to in this module.

Download a copy of the ID List for this module here. Links to an external site.

The presentation below is helpful in seeing some of the more important people and terms but is by no means a definitive list.

 

 

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