CI: Overview

Image: an illustration of the ceremonial tombs outside of the gates of Rome.

Overview: Caedes Foedissima - pars XI - FINIS

Ne longior sim, vale.
Lest I be too tedious, farewell.
Cicero, Ad Familiares, XV.19

Selene married Juba. For Pseudolus, the news could not be worse, as his encounter with Juba had left him with no new evidence, and an angry young man. Certain now not only of his conclusions, but also of his impending danger, Pseudolus set out one last time to discover once and for all the absolute truth concerning the death of Marcellus. What final answer awaited him?

In the image above, tombs line the Appian Way outside of the city walls of Rome. The grandeur of the tombs reflects the love Romans felt for their deceased family members.

Handouts: Study Guide and Reading Help 

As you progress through the module, please download and use the Study Guide Links to an external site. to assist you in your note taking. The study guide can help guide your understanding of the module and provides important practice for the concepts covered on each page. At the end of the module, you can then use the study guide as a tool to help prepare you for the module exam.

For Latin II, there will be a story told in parts, with each module telling a part of the story by presenting Latin reading passages. To successfully complete the reading for each module, please download the Reading Help Links to an external site. handout now and use it while completing the story lessons.

Essential Questions

  1. What is the subjunctive mood?
  2. What are the tenses and forms of the subjunctive mood?
  3. How does the verb stem change to form the subjunctive in the present tense?
  4. What are the main independent uses of the subjunctive?
  5. How are the independent uses of the subjunctive translated?
  6. What is Romanization?
  7. What were the rights of a Roman citizen?
  8. How did Romans treat foreigners?

Key Terms

  1. Subjunctive Mood - a mood covering possibility, wishes, and various other specialized constructions
  2. Verb - A verb, from the Latin verbum meaning word, is traditionally defined as a word that conveys an action or state of being. In Latin, a verb is a word that uses endings which indicate five characteristics - person, number, tense, voice and mood. It additionally has non-finite uses (infinitive, participle, gerund).
  3. Person- The point of view of the subject, 1st, 2nd or 3rd person
  4. Number- Singular or Plural
  5. Tense- The time of action of the verb
  6. Conjugation- A family of verbs
  7. Voice- Active or Passive
  8. Mood- How the verb is used in a sentence: Indicative (used for statements and questions), Imperative (used for commands), Subjunctive (used for wishes, hopes, and potential or possible situations)
  9. Principal parts- The essential forms of a Latin verb which provide verb stems.
  10. Verb stem- The basic form of a verb on which endings will be added.  There are two main stems: present and perfect. Stems are obtained from the principal parts.
  11. Present system- System of tenses formed on the present stem.  Tenses are present, imperfect and future.
  12. Perfect system- System of tenses formed on the perfect and the perfect participle stems.  Tenses are perfect, pluperfect and future perfect.
  13. Potential Subjunctive - A type of independent subjunctive used to express possibility
  14. Imperative Subjunctive - A type of independent subjunctive used to express polite commands.
  15. Optative Subjunctive - A type of independent subjunctive used to express a wish
  16. Deliberative Questions - A type of independent subjunctive used to express rhetorical questions or those with open-ended answers
  17. Romanization - the process of foreigners adopting Roman customs, laws and practices. Rome often tried to Romanize conquered territories to help stabilize the region.
  18. Hellenization - the process of foreigners adopting Greek customs, laws and practices. Alexander the Great is probably the one person most responsible for Hellenization, as his conquests brought Greek culture far and wide to the ancient world.
  19. Key Terms Concerning Roman Citizenship:
    • Cives Romani - Roman citizens.
    • Latini - Latin people.
    • Perigrini - foreigners.
    • Servi - slaves.
    • suffragium - the right of a citizen to vote.
    • commericum - the right of a citizen to make a contract.
    • cursus honorum - the right of a citizen to hold public office.
    • conubium - the right of a citizen to a legal marriage.

ALL RESOURCES IN THIS MODULE ARE OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) OR CREATED BY GAVS UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED. SOME IMAGES USED UNDER SUBSCRIPTION.
Image courtesy of VRoma Links to an external site..