HAR - The Harlem Renaissance Module Overview
The Harlem Renaissance Module Overview
The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement of the 1920s and 1930s during which African Americans expressed themselves through literature, music, and art. This movement centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City and involved a great deal of jazz music. Contributing factors leading to the Harlem Renaissance were the Great Migration of African Americans out of the South into urban centers in the northern United States and the First World War, which created industrial work opportunities for hundreds of thousands of African Americans.
Essential Questions
- What are the common characteristics in writings of the Harlem Renaissance?
- How were the political and social movements reflected in the literature of this time period?
- Why is this literary period so significant?
- Who were the most prominent writers of poetry and prose in
this movement, and what makes their writings continue to be powerful today?
Key Terms
- Figurative language - any language that is not meant to be taken literally
- Imagery: language and description that appeals to our five senses: sight, smell, taste, hearing, and touch
- Personification: figure of speech in which a thing, an idea, or an animal is presented as if it is alive and has human characteristics
- Atmosphere: the feeling, emotion, or mood a writer conveys through the description of setting and objects within it
- Characterization: the way a writer helps the reader understand what kind of person a certain character is. Methods of characterization include direct description; the character's speech, actions, and thoughts; and other characters' thoughts and speech about the character
- Tone: the speaker's attitude toward the subject or the audience
- Symbol: an object used to represent a larger or more significant idea
- Enjambment: a poetic technique that carries the meaning from one line to the next without stopping for a comma or period
- Connotation: all of the meanings associated with a word
- Denotation: the literal meaning, or dictionary definition, of a word
- Simile: a type of metaphor that is directly stated, usually with the words "like" or "as"
- Metaphor: usually defined as a comparison between a familiar object and unfamiliar object that doesn't use "like" or "as," but it also means any use of a word or phrase that isn't meant to be taken literally
- Foreshadowing: hints about what will happen in the future suggested by a text
- Speaker: the voice sharing emotions and thoughts in a poem, not to be confused with the author
- Narrator: the person telling a story, not to be confused with the author
- Stanza: a group of lines in a poem that functions similar to the way a paragraph functions in prose writing
- Quatrain: a four-line stanza, or a grouping of four lines, in a poem
- Couplet: a two-line stanza, or a grouping of two lines, in a poem
- Meter: the rhythm or flow of a line of poetry based on stressed and unstressed syllables
- Rhyme: the use of the same sound at the ends of the words at the end of lines of poetry
- Sonnet: a fourteen-line poem that follows a strict rhyme scheme, uses iambic pentameter, and was popularized in the English-speaking world by Shakespeare
- Contrast: the use of ideas that are opposite or different in some way to make a point
- Allusion: a reference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, sports, politics, science, or some other branch of culture; these are a sort of code that add a lot of meaning to a text without taking up a lot of space
- Diction: an author's choice of words; for example, hopeful diction, religious diction, formal diction
- Protest poetry: poetry that seeks to address real social and political issues and argues for change
- Double-consciousness: a term created by W.E.B. Dubois to describe how African Americans experience two selves - one American, one Black - through being constantly forced to see themselves as the dominant white culture sees them, not through their own self-consciousness
- Active voice: when the subject of the sentence does complete the action; these form stronger and more assertive sentences
- Passive voice: when the subject of the sentence does not complete the action; these sentences are weak and should usually be revised
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