CEN: Lesson - Noun Endings Charts
Noun Endings Charts
Below is a set of charts containing all the previous case endings, but now including the two new cases: genitive and dative. With these two cases, we have now explored all six of the main noun cases in Latin: Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Ablative and Vocative.
This is the complete set of noun endings, so be sure to use this order from now on!
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | a | ae |
| Genitive | ae | arum |
| Dative | ae | is/abus* |
| Accusative | am | as |
| Ablative | a | is/abus* |
| Vocative | a | ae |
Nota bene:
- 1st declension nouns are mostly feminine, but there are some masculine nouns. The masculine nouns use the same endings as the feminine.
- *Some feminine nouns, like dea and filia, share a noun base with a 2nd declension masculine noun (deus, filius). The feminine nouns will end with -abus (deabus, filiabus) in the dative and ablative plural instead of -is to avoid confusion with the masculine nouns (deis, filiis).
| Case | Masculine Singular | Masculine Plural | Neuter Singular | Neuter Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | us (er, ir) | i | um | a |
| Genitive | i | orum | i | orum |
| Dative | o | is | o | is |
| Accusative | um | os | um | a |
| Ablative | o | is | o | is |
| Vocative | Same as Nom* | i | um | a |
Nota Bene:
- *Remember: the vocative form will be the same as the nominative form, with just one exception: 2nd declension masculine nouns ending in us (or ius):
- -us changes to -e (Decime from Decimus)
- -ius changes to -i (Claudi from Claudius)
| Case | M/F Singular | M/F Plural | Neuter Singular | Neuter Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | varies** | es | varies** | a |
| Genitive | is | um*** | is | um*** |
| Dative | i | ibus | i | ibus |
| Accusative | em | es | Same as Nom | a |
| Ablative | e | ibus | e | ibus |
| Vocative | Same as Nom | es | Same as Nom | a |
Nota Bene:
- **Varies is not an ending, but a note to remind you that 3rd declension has no set nominative singular ending. Instead, the nominative singular will be the first word listed in the dictionary entry. You will need to take special note of the nominative form when learning the vocabulary for a lesson.
- ***Some special 3rd declension nouns (called i-stem) end in -ium in the genitive plural. These will be noted in the vocabulary lists and discussed in detail in a future lesson.